Opuntiads of the USA

Mission

Opuntia Species

Assorted Cacti

Opuntia Country One
Opuntia Country Two
Opuntia CountryThree
Opuntia Country Four

Opuntia Country Five

Opuntia Country with
Daiv Freeman

World Opuntiads

Notes from the Editors

Culture Notes

Literature

Editorial Board

News

WWW Links

Agave Photos

Literature

Books

Anderson, E.F., Montes, S.A., Taylor, N.P. Threatened Cacti of Mexico, Kew Publishing, 1994

Anderson, E.F. The Cactus Family, Timber Press, 2001

Benson, L., Cacti of the United States and Canada, Stanford University Press, 1983

Powell, MA, and Weedin J.F., Cacti of the Trans-Pecos and Adjacent Areas, Texas Tech University Press, 2004

Weniger, D., Cacti of Texas and Neighboring States - a Field Guide, University of Texas Press, 1984 (click on the link to pull up the whole book in PDF; it was provided the Cactus and Succulent Digital Library)

Editors' Note: The work by L. Benson is a special book that is large and fun to read; for many cactus lovers it was (and remains) a valued introduction to a whole new world.  Many of the photographs are informative and "just plain fun" if you like Opuntia.  However, the treatment of taxa herein is different from the approach taken in "Cacti of the United States and Canada."

David Griffiths' Reports Regarding the Genus Opuntia

Griffiths D, Illustrated Studies of the Genus Opuntia I, Missouri Botanical Garden Annual Report, 1908

Griffiths D, Illustrated Studies of the Genus Opuntia II, Missouri Botanical Garden Annual Report, 1909

Griffiths D, Illustrated Studies of the Genus Opuntia III, Missouri Botanical Garden Annual Report, 1910

Griffiths D, Illustrated Studies of the Genus Opuntia IV, Missouri Botanical Garden Annual Report, 1911

Griffiths, D, New Species of Opuntia, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, vol. 43, pg, 83-92, 1916

Griffiths, D, Additional Species of Opuntia, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, vol. 43, pg, 523-531, 1916.

Griffiths D, New and Old Species of Opuntia, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, pp. 195-206, 1919

Griffiths D, New Species of Opuntia, Proc. Biological Soc. of Washington, vol 24, pp. 9-16, 1916

Griffiths D, Hardier Spinless Cacti, J. Heredity, vol. 6, pp. 182-191

Griffiths D, My Conception of Opuntia Macrorhiza, The Plant World, 1916, pages 141-144

Other Digitized Literature (click to read open access articles)

Bobich GE and Nobel PS, Biomechanics and anatomy of cladode junctions for two Opuntia (cactaceae) species and their hybrid, American Journal of Botany 88(3): 391–400. 2001

Britton NL and Rose JN, Cactaceae, Vol. 1, 1919, The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Gibson Brothers Press, Washington D.C.

Britton NL and Rose JN, Cactaceae, Vol. 2, 1920, The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Gibson Brothers Press, Washington D.C.

Britton NL and Rose JN, Cactaceae, Vol. 3, 1922, The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Gibson Brothers Press, Washington D.C.

Britton NL and Rose JN, Cactaceae, Vol. 4, 1923, The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Gibson Brothers Press, Washington D.C.

Britton NL and Rose JN, A preliminary treatment of the Opuntioideae of North America, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections (Quarterly) vol. 50 part 5, 1908

Good-Avila S, Sousa V, Gaut B, and Eguiarte LE, Timing and rate of speciation in Agave (Agavaceae), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 103. pg. 9124-9129. 2006

Grant V and Grant KA, Natural hybridization between the cholla cactus species Opuntia spinosior and Opuntia versicolor, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 68 pg. 1993-1995, 1971

Griffith PM, The origins of an imporant cactus crop, Opuntia ficus-indica (cactaceae): new molecular evicence, American J. Bot. 91(11): 1915–1921. 2004

Edwards EJ, Nyffeler R, Donoghue MJ. Basal cactus phylogeny: implications of Pereskia paraphyly for the transition to the cactus life form. Am. J. Bot. 92:1177-1188. 2005

Engelmann G, Synopsis of the cactaceae of the territory of the United States and adjacent regions, Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol. III, 1852-1857. 1856

Engelmann G, The Cactaceae of the boundary, 1859 (click on the link to pull up the whole book in PDF; it was provided the the Cactus and Succulent Digital Library)

Johnson D, The fruit of Opuntia fulgia, the Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1918 (digitized by Google Books)

Journal of the New York Botanical Garden, The Prickly Pears of Florida, 20(230) pg. 29-40, 1921

Kaplanl D, The science of plant morphology: definition, history, and role in modern biology. 2001. Am. J. Bot. 88:1711-1741

Kiessling M, Josef Pöschl J, Tephrocactus and other prickly pears (Tephrocactus und andere Feigenkakteen), Publication date and publisher unclear (provided by the Cactus and Succulent Digital Library)

Marshall WT, Bock TM, Cactaceae, Abbey Garden Press, 1941 (Unites States and Mexican Boundary Survey)

Majure LC, The ecology and morphological variation of Opuntia (Cactaceae) species in the mid-south, United States, Mississippi State University, Thesis, 2007

Menkins, I. A Reassessment of the Type of Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw. 2010.

Mulford, I, Agaves of the Unites States, Seventh Annual Report of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 1896

Negron-Ortiz V, Chromosome numbers, nuclear DNA content, and polyploidy in Consolea, Am J. Bot. 2007, 94:1360-1370

Nyffeler R, Phylogenetic relationships in the cactus family (cactaceae) based on evidence from TrnK/MatK and TrnL-TrnF sequences, Am. J of Bot. 89(2): 312–326. 2002

Opuntia, Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1856 (1852-1857), a monograph

Powell AM and Weedin JF, Chromosome numbers in Chihuahuan desert cactaceae. III. trans-Pecos Texas, Am. J. Bot. (3): 481–485. 2001

Rebman, JP, Pinkava D.J. Opuntia cacti of the USA--an overview. 2001. Florida Entomologist 24:474-483

Schmid D, Belser E, Meister S, Opuntia Cactus Ingredient for Men’s Care, 2009 (Mibelle Biochemistry, Switzerland)

Singh G, General review of Opuntia in India J PACD 2003, page 30

Toumey JW, Vegetal dissemination in the genus Opuntia, 1895, Botanical Gazzette, pp. 356-361

Trelease W, The agaves of Lower California, Missouri Botanical Garden Annual Report. 1911

Trelease W, Revision of the agaves of the group Applanatae, Missouri Botanical Garden Annual Report. 1911

Valez-Cepeda RD, Blanco-Marcias F et al., Freezing Tolerance of Opuntia spp, J PACD. 2001, pages 105-116.

Welsh, S.L. Utah flora: Cactaceae. Great Basin Nat. 44:52. 1984.

Weniger, D, Cacti of the Southwest: Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana, University of Texas Press, 1970 (click on the link to pull up the whole book in PDF; it was provided the the Cactus and Succulent Digital Library)

Watson W, The Project Gutenberg EBook of Cactus Culture For Amateurs, Release Date: September 3, 2004 [EBook #13357]

Wolf FA, Notes on the anatomy of Opuntia lindheimeri (Englmn), Plant World, 1912, 15:294-299.